The effects of different valence inorganic salts on the performance of sodium petroleum sulfonate (NPS) emulsion were investigated by observing the apparent viscosity, interfacial tension and dehydration rate of crude oil emulsion. The results show that NaCl and KCl can be enhanced the action of NPS in a certain concentration range. When the concentration of NaCl and KCl are 9 mmol/L and 12 mmol/L, NaCl and KCl can increase the apparent viscosity of emulsion by 224.03 mPa•s and 122.48 mPa•s, the interfacial tension can decrease by 10.6 mN/m and 9.6 mN/m, and the dehydration rate can reduce by 10.7% and 8.2%, respectively. As the concentration of inorganic salts MgCl2 and CaCl2 increases, MgCl2 and CaCl2 can decrease the apparent viscosity and increase the dehydration rate of NPS emulsion, while the interfacial tension decreases first and then increases.

Great damage in environment can be caused by pipeline leakage, the explosive oil pool and cloud of steam explosive will cause serious casualties and economic losses, domestic and foreign scholars have conducted a lot of research on the danger of oil pipeline leakage, but the petroleum pollutants migration laws are restricted by specific environmental conditions, therefore, the relationship between pollutant migration migration laws and the factors affecting its diffusion effect has became the most important research direction. Explosion of oil vapor cloud is heavy gas diffusion, The diffusion range is concentrated in the near ground and is greatly affected by environmental factors. The simulation study confirmed that the TNO multi⁃energy method is more suitable for the outdoor explosion evaluation of open fire than the TNT equivalent method, and the steam cloud of different components has different hazard ranges. The simulation of the pool fire caused by the explosion is mainly to study the influence of various factors on the combustion characteristics and the extent of damage; and whether the conclusions from the small⁃scale oil pool test can be used for larger⁃scale pool fires needs further demonstration. The simulation model is corrected by the on⁃site big data of accident, and the simulation accuracy is improved, in order to provide theoretical support for the study of the explosive combustion characteristics and the enterprise prediction of the hazard range.

In the process of batch transportation, when the temperature of mixing oil is below the solidifying point, the pipeline is easy to be congelation. Although the high temperature could ensure the safety transportation, it could lead to the loss of energy consumption. Therefore, it was necessary to study the transportation from the point of energy saving and safety. Combined with the solidifying point of the mixed oil segment experiment and Changchun to Jilin pipeline,the mixed oil segment temperature field of cold and hot crude oil was simulated by CFD software. Compared with the experimental results, we found out the dangerous point, which reduced the heated temperature of cold oil and achieved the goal of energy conservation. At the same time, two kinds of transportation solutions of safety and energy conservation were given: The Russian oil was heated to 10.0 ℃ in the whole process；only the oil tail was heated to 30.0 ℃ with the heating length of 1 380.8 m. Through economic comparison, the cost of the first delivery scheme was reduced by 91.54% than the traditional transportation, the cost of the second transportation scheme was reduced by 98.16% than the traditional transportation cost, and the energy saving effect of the second transportation scheme was better than the first kind of transportation scheme，which had a certain guiding significance for industrial production．

Optimizing the storage and transportation logistics system focus on the optimization of the oil supply chain. It is necessary to take into account the cost of each link in the process of oil logistics, and to formulate the optimization scheme according to the actual needs of the enterprise itself. Based on the related theories of oil storage and logistics, combined with practical production situation of a transfer oil terminal, the existing storage and transportation facilities, such as tanks, cranes and loading systems, are optimized and integrated, and mathematical models are established to optimize the distribution and transportation problems so as to reduce operating costs and bring more economic benefits for the enterprises.

In recent years, with the increasing demand for natural gas, more and more attention was paid to the transmission efficiency of gas transmission pipeline. Because the main loss of gas pipeline was the friction resistance, therefore reducing the resistance became the focus of the study. To explore the Vshaped riblets in transmission gas pipeline of drag reduction application, FLUENT was used to simulate two different geometric size of Vshaped riblets. The pipeline drag reduction of bionic riblets could approximate switch into flat gas transmission for numerical simulation. The results of the study showed that: compared with the smooth gas transmission pipeline, Vshaped riblet gas transmission pipeline of the turbulent boundary layer of velocity profile in the logarithmic layer was different| in the same gas velocity inlet, Vshaped riblet at the top of the shear stress was greater than the bottom of the riblet, also riblet on the bottom of the near wall local turbulent kinetic energy was small| the riblet height and spacing size of both 0.90 mm Vshaped riblet pipeline had more drag reduction effect than the size of both 0.51 mm Vshaped riblet pipeline.

With the continuous demand of energy, more and more light crude oil was consumed while conventional crude oil production decreased year by year. Therefore, heavy oil as the effective supplement of conventional crude oil was gradually concerned by people. And how to efficiently and economically transport super heavy oil attracted people's attention. A light oilblending and transportation process for super-heavy oil used by an oil field were characterized. By using a RS300 viscometer and other instruments, the dieselsuper heavy blend for the viscosity-temperature and rheological properties, solidifying temperature and stability were studied. The results show that the volume fraction of diesel up to 25%, diesel fuel blended with super heavy oil freezing point was low. And the blend had good fluidity, stability, as well as the process had good economical efficiency. When the volume fraction of diesel oil was further increased, the freezing point was not changed.

With respect to the security issue of storage tanks’ seal ring fire, by taking 10×104 m3 crude oil tank as the research object, using Visual C++ 6.0 programming software to calculate the model domain of seal ring fire and FLUENT programming software, the thermal radiation of burning storage tank was simulated, which could get the thermal radiation in different distance from the burning storage tank and the damage to people and devices in different thermal radiation. The results showed that the burning storage tank radiated heat equably to all around under the condition of breezeless and steady pool fire. With the distance from the burning storage tank increasing, the thermal radiation decreased. When the thermal radiation decreased from 37.5 kW/m2 decreasing to 12.5 kW/m2, the damage to people and devices greatly decreased. Without considering the influence of wind speed and the adjoining storage tanks’ spraying, the safe distance of adjoining storage tank was 35.5 m.

Oil leakage caused by failure accident of submarine pipeline can harm marine environment and affect oil transportation. For different water flow velocities and leakage directions in the case of halfburial pipe, a 2D leakage under water model was calculated by flow filed analysis software FLUENT. The simulation results show that water velocities and leakage angles would effect oil diffusion underwater directly|greater diffusion would occur when oil leakage go against stream with 45°|with larger water flow velocity, more time would be spent for oil floating upon seaair surface, and larger effects on oil diffusion caused by leakage direction would be enhanced. The conclusions of the present work could provide reasonable basis to oil leakage emergency underwater .

In the case of determining the optimum dehydration temperature in the settling tank, the settling tank outlet temperature was obtained by a reverse operation based on the analysis of sedimentation tank of energy balance. One optimal mathematical model, which used fuel oil heating cost and additional insulation layers with different thickness of the total investment cost at least, was established and solved by C++ program. According to the optimized calculation, the optimal insulation thickness was about 68mm and the lowest total cost was about 1.456 3 million yuan.

Along with the rapid growth of the national economy, energy consumption had been going up. At present, the petroleum reserve system in china was gradually perfect, and a large number of crude oil depots would be put into operation. The consumption of steam was very huge during storage, because of the large increase in crude oil storage. Saving energy and reducing consumption had become the most important task. The petroleum storage temperature affected the holding time and heating time, directly related to the consumption of steam. The influence of the storage temperature on the cost of the oil storage tank on different frequency of operation were calculated and analyzed. A premium scheme to provide some reference for energy saving was found, which could complete the task in time and ensure safety by comparing different schemes.

Soil temperature field changed periodically during seasons. During the long distance hot oil pipeline operation period, the pipeline operating properties would change under different soil temperature field. When setting the outlet oil temperature, Newtonian fluid, nonnewtonian fluid length and inlet oil temperature would change with different oil temperature. By aimulating the interactive temperature field between hot oil pipeline and soil temperature field how heat transfer from oil pipeline to soil was analyzed. By setting up mathematical model the change of hot oil fluid state and inlet oil temperature under different soil temperature fields was analyzed. According to the calculation results, the piping system operation conditions to realize the whole optimization could adjusted, this could also provide theoretical basis for oil transportation scheme.

Aiming at the actual situation of the buried sulfur natural gas pipeline leakage problem, with the finite volume method, the numerical simulation for volume fraction of hydrogen sulfide and methane of the buried sulfur natural gas pipeline continuous leakage were preceded. The upper soil was considered as porous medium to gas diffusion effects. Comparing and analyzing the dangerous area of methane and hydrogen sulfide occurring at the moment, the results show that the virulent area of hydrogen sulfide leaked is much greater than the dangerous area of methane, covering completely. Between the common area of hydrogen sulfide and methane, fire prevention measures are took as well as poisonous protection measures in the area of hydrogen sulfide influenced alone.